IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) – works on Internet protocols, particularly at OSI layer 3 and 4, e.g. packet/line/terminal/telnet based protocols.
W3C works on WWW specifications, SGML, HTML, XML, CSS stuff, DOM…
Also image formats such as Portable Network Graphics (PNG) and Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), but not JPEG which is standardised by ISO.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) works on communications on the physical layer – frequencies/tensions/radio-waves…
Ecma International (formerly ECMA – European Computer Manufacturers Association) – отговаря основно за стандартизиране на различни програмни езици като JavaScript (also known as „standard Ecma Script“), C#, JSON…
Също и за технологии като FAT12/FAT16 file systems, CD-ROM…
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers – отговаря за DNS, IP, TLD…
IANA – Internet Assigned Numbers Authority – подразделение на ICANN
W3C стандартите се наричат „Recommendations„, тези на Ecma и ISO – „Standards„, a тези на IETF – „Request for Comments„.